At the turn of the twentieth century, a group of white and Choctaw community leaders

Courtesy of W.S. Hoole Special Collections Library, The University of Alabama Libraries

Choctaw Community Leaders

At the turn of the twentieth century, a group of white and Choctaw community leaders banded together to swindle the majority of MOWA Choctaws out of their land. From left: W. H. Ryans Jr., James “Jimbo” Patrick, Frank Boykin, Joseph “Muff” Ryans (child), John Everett (Reed) Sr., Rob Boykin, and W. H. Ryans Sr.